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IPLUSO 19568

Cytopathology I

Biomedical Laboratory Sciences
  • ApresentaçãoPresentation
    Cytopathology is a fundamental discipline within Pathological Anatomy, focusing on the morphological analysis of cells exfoliated or harvested from tissue surfaces to detect cellular abnormalities. This Curricular Unit integrates a solid theoretical framework with the development of hands-on laboratory skills aimed at the cytological interpretation and diagnosis of cervical-vaginal samples. Its prevention and screening domains prepare students for an immediate transition into laboratory and research environments. Its relevance within the study cycle lies in training independent professionals capable of managing sample processing and microscopic screening for routine and population-based cytology. The academic approach follows the International 2014 Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology and the European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening, aligning student training with international standards.
  • ProgramaProgramme
    Framework of Diagnostic Cytology: Historical evolution and laboratory organization. Basics of the normal cell and its constituents. Pre-analytical and analytical phases in Gynecological Cytology samples: Collection, fixation, and Papanicolaou staining. Anatomy, Histology, vaginal ecology, and functional/cyto-hormonal cytology of the female reproductive system. Classification Systems in Gynecological Cytology and adequacy criteria: Conventional vs. Liquid-Based Cytology. The Bethesda System (2014): Structural approach and practical application. Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM). Cervical Oncogenesis: Molecular mechanisms of HPV and carcinogenesis. Epithelial abnormalities: Squamous cells. Epithelial abnormalities: Glandular cells. Cervical cancer - Prevention, Screening, and Vaccination. Anal canal cytopathology.
  • ObjectivosObjectives
    Use precise and appropriate technical-scientific language in the context of Cytopathology. Describe and ground the principles of collection, processing, quality control, and analysis of gynecological cytology samples. Execute cytological sample laboratory processing with strict adherence to established protocols. Recognize the cytomorphological characteristics of normal cells and major cellular changes. Identify and classify morphological abnormalities in squamous and glandular epithelial cells. Apply the 2014 Bethesda System for sample classification and report structuring. Perform systematic microscopic screening and critically interpret clinical-cytological cases. Develop critical thinking for differential diagnosis and laboratory problem-solving. Demosntrate ethics, responsibility, team-building skills, and autonomous learning capacity.
  • BibliografiaBibliography
    Bibbo, M. (2014). Comprehensive cytopathology (4th ed.). Elsevier. Cibas, E. S., & Ducatman, B. S. (2025). Cibas and Ducatman's cytology: Diagnostic principles and clinical correlates (6th ed.). Elsevier. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Cancer-Preventive Interventions. (2022). Cervical cancer screening (IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, Vol. 18). International Agency for Research on Cancer. Nayar, R., & Solomon, D. (2015). The Bethesda system for reporting cervical cytology (3rd ed.). Springer. World Health Organization. (2021). WHO guideline for screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions for cervical cancer prevention (2nd ed.). World Health Organization.
  • MetodologiaMethodology
    The methodologies are based on linking theory and immediate laboratory applicability, using expository, demonstrative, and collaborative approaches. Theoretical Classes: Centered on interactive content exposition, with multimedia, cytopathological iconography, and molecular mechanism videos. Practical Laboratory Classes: Conducted in the classroom and laboratory through three axes: 1) Technical Processing: Practical laboratory execution of pre-analytical and analytical phases, including fixation and Papanicolaou staining in conventional and liquid media; 2) Diagnosis and Microscopy: Individual and group microscopic observation of real slides for intensive screening training; 3) Active Methodologies and Team Building: Cooperative resolution of clinical cases, Bethesda criteria discussion, and team-based diagnostic mini-quizzes. The process is consolidated through autonomous work and tutorial guidance for critical thinking, decision-making, and future professional practice.
  • LínguaLanguage
    Português
  • TipoType
    Semestral
  • ECTS
    5
  • NaturezaNature
    Mandatory
  • EstágioInternship
    Não